Factors Underlying the Development of Aggression Among School-Age Children in Ongata Rongai Subcounty, Kenya

Mbedha, J. A. Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology Candidate; Muriungi, S. K, Ph.D., Daystar University; & Mageto, P. Ph.D., Vice Chancellor of African University, Zimbabwe, South Africa.

Aggression among school-age children is a significant concern due to its impact on their developmental, academic, and social well-being. Various factors have been identified as potential contributors to aggression in this demographic study. The study aimed to investigate the factors underlying the development of aggression among school-age children in Ongata Rongai, Kajiado County, Kenya. The study targeted a population of 1,907 (1,040 girls and 867 boys) pupils from two schools, with a sample size of 156 (Experimental=77; Control =79) respondents. The sampling techniques employed included purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design and employed self-administered sociodemographic questionnaires (SDQ) and standardized self-report Reactive-Proactive questionnaires (RPQ) as data collection instruments. Quantitative data analysis included descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis. Pearson correlation test assessed for the validity of the RPQ tool in measuring aggression constructs (r=0.793) while Cronbach’s Alpha was applied to test internal consistency of the RPQ where reliability coefficient of α=0.821 was realised. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27. The study found that a significant proportion of respondents reported exposure to factors such as neighbourhood violence, fights, bullying, and being beaten or threatened by teachers. However, aspects such as hearing verbal abuse (p=0.001), watching violent TV programs (p=0.036), lying to obtain favours (p=0.014), and stealing (p=0.014) were identified as significant risk factors associated with the development of aggression among school-age children. These statistics highlight the potential negative impact of being exposed to violence and aggressive behaviour. The study concluded that addressing these identified risk factors, such as exposure to violent media and negative social environments, is crucial in mitigating aggression among school-age children. It recommends proactive interventions, including Problem-Solving Skills Training and promoting positive parenting practices, to address these risk factors effectively.

Key words: Aggression risk factors, School-age children and aggression, aggression intervention programs